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1.
Clin. transl. oncol. (Print) ; 19(10): 1175-1182, oct. 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-166149

RESUMO

The immune system regulates angiogenesis in cancer by way of both pro- and antiangiogenic activities. A bidirectional link between angiogenesis and the immune system has been clearly demonstrated. Most antiangiogenic molecules do not inhibit only VEGF signaling pathways but also other pathways which may affect immune system. Understanding of the role of these pathways in the regulation of immunosuppressive mechanisms by way of specific inhibitors is growing. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is an immunogenic tumor in which angiogenesis and immunosuppression work hand in hand, and its growth is associated with impaired antitumor immunity. Given the antitumor activity of selected TKIs in metastatic RCC (mRCC), it seems relevant to assess their effect on the immune system. The confirmation that TKIs improve cell cytokine response in mRCC provides a basis for the rational combination and sequential treatment of TKIs and immunotherapy (AU)


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Assuntos
Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Renais/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Renais/imunologia , Imunoterapia/métodos , Imunoterapia , Inibidores da Angiogênese/administração & dosagem , Inibidores da Angiogênese/imunologia , Imunomodulação , Imunomodulação/imunologia , Células Dendríticas , Células Dendríticas/imunologia , Monócitos
2.
Nutr. hosp ; 22(5): 607-611, sept.-oct. 2007. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-057466

RESUMO

Introducción: El Bypass Gástrico (BG) constituye en la actualidad el tratamiento quirúrgico de elección de la obesidad mórbida (IMC 50). Objetivo: El objetivo de éste trabajo es el de analizar los resultados de pérdida de peso de los primeros 52 Bypass Gástricos abiertos consecutivos de nuestra serie y comparar las pérdidas de peso en obesos mórbidos (OM) y superobesos (SO), para determinar si los pacientes superobesos pierden suficiente peso con nuestra técnica o por el contrario sería más recomendable otra técnica más malaobsortiva, como recomiendan algunos autores. Materiales y método: Estudio retrospectivo de los primeros 52 pacientes intervenidos de BG por vía abierta. Se comparan las pérdidas de peso de 32 pacientes con OM y 20 con SO a 60 meses de seguimiento. Los parámetros analizados son edad, sexo, talla, peso inicial, peso actual, IMC inicial, IMC actual, % del IMC perdido, % del sobrepeso perdido (% SPP), incidencia de hernia incisional, tolerancia alimentaría y alteraciones metabólicas. El componente malabsortivo asociado a los pacientes SO era una Y de Roux de 150 a 200 cm de pie de asa y en los pacientes con OM el pie de asa estaba entre 100 y 150 cm. Los resultados se comparan mediante el test estadístico del chi2 para porcentajes y la U de Mann Whitney para medias numéricas. Resultados: Los grupos son homogéneos en cuanto a edad media, sexo y talla. En el grupo de OM el peso inicial es de 121,5 kg, IMC inicial 45, IMC actual 28,9, la pérdida media de peso a 5 años es de 48 kg; la pérdida porcentual del exceso de IMC es del 80% y la pérdida porcentual del exceso de peso es del 74,6%. En el grupo de SO el peso inicial es de 142,7 kg, IMC inicial 54,9, IMC actual 34,9, la pérdida media de peso a 5 años es de 54 kg; la pérdida porcentual del exceso de IMC es del 65,3% y la pérdida porcentual del exceso de peso es del 63,2%. Las diferencias en cuanto a resultados ponderales resultan estadísticamente significativas en los dos grupos (P < 0,05), sin embargo la tasa de éxitos, según el parámetro clásico de pérdida de más del 50% del exceso de peso, es superior al 90% en ambos grupos. Los resultados del estudio sobre la presencia de hernia incisional postoperatoria, tolerancia alimentaria y alteraciones metabólicas, indican que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los dos grupos. Conclusiones: El BG es una técnica eficaz en el tratamiento quirúrgico de la obesidad tanto en el paciente con obesidad mórbida, como en el paciente con superobesidad, siempre que se aplique en estos últimos un mayor grado de malabsorción. No existe diferencia en la morbilidad, mejoría de la enfermedad asociada, tolerancia a la ingesta y en la necesidad de suplementos nutricionales entre los grupos


Introduction: Gastric Bypass (GB) constitutes the surgical treatment of election of morbid obesity (BMI 50). Objective: The purpose of this work is one of to analyze the results of loss of weight of the first 52 open GB of our series, and to compare the losses of weight in morbid obesity (MO) and super obesity (SO), to determine if the superobese patient looses enough weight with this technique or if it would be more indicated another technique more malabsorptive, like some authors recommend. Materials and method: Retrospective study of the first 52 patients operated of open GB pathway. The weight loss of 32 patients’ with MO are compared with the weight loss of 20 patients with super obesity after five year follow-up. The parameters analyzed are: age, sex, height, initial weight, current weight, initial BMI, current BMI, % BMI lost, % overweight lost, incidence of incisional hernia, acceptable oral tolerance and metabolic alterations. The mal absorptive procedure associated in patients with super obesity was a 200 cm Roux-en-Y and a patients with BMI between 40 and 50 was a 150 cm Roux-en-Y. The results are compared by means of the X2 and Mann Whitney statistical test. Results: The age, the sex and the stature are homogeneous in the two groups. In the group of MO the initial weight was of 121,5 kg; initial BMI, 45; current BMI; 28,9, the median loss of weight in 5 years was of 48 kg; the percentage loss of the excess of BMI is of 80% and the percentage loss of the excess of weight is of 74,6%. In the group of SO the initial weight was of 142,7 kg; initial BMI, 54,9; current BMI, 34,9; the median loss of weight in 5 years was of 54 kg; the percentage loss of the excess of BMI was of 65,3% and the percentage loss of the excess of weight was of 63,2%.The analysis of the results ponders shows that it exists statistically significant differences (P < 0,05) among the two groups, however the rate of success, according to the classic parameter of loss of more than 50% of the excess of weight, was superior to 90% in both groups. The results of the study about the presence of incisional postoperative hernia, alimentary tolerance and metabolic alterations, indicate that it doesn’t exist differences statistically significant between both groups. Conclusions: GB is an effective surgical technique in patients with morbid obesity and with super obesity, provided that in these patients is realized a procedure more malabsorptive. There are not differences between both groups, in morbidity, improvement in the associate disease, alimentary tolerance and necessity of nutritional supplements


Assuntos
Humanos , Derivação Gástrica/métodos , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Redução de Peso , Resultado do Tratamento , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
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